Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis

📘 INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS Definition: Statistics is the branch of mathematics

that deals with collecting, organizing, presenting, analyzing,

and interpreting data to make decisions. Two Main Types: Descriptive Statistics – summarizes data

(e.g., mean, graphs). Inferential Statistics – makes conclusions

or predictions from data (e.g., hypothesis testing). Key Terms: Population: Entire

group being studied. Sample: A part of the population. Variable: Any characteristic that can be measured

(e.g., age, height). Data: Information collected.

📊 FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION Definition: A way to organize data showing how often each value