Kotter & Schlesinger Change Approaches

2. The Six Change Approaches (Kotter & Schlesinger) Different situations require different

strategies to manage resistance.  Education & Communication: The starting point for successful change

is communicating why change is needed. Honest communication helps people see the logic.

• Pros: Once persuaded, people often help with the implementation. • Cons: Unlikely to achieve short-term

effects; requires consistency over a long period.  Participation & Involvement: Involvement

brings people "on-board" who would otherwise resist. Participation often leads to commitment,

not just compliance. • Cons: Can be time-consuming; delays and obstacles must be avoided.  Facilitation &

Support: Identified for "adjustment problems." Most people need support (training,