Morality: Utilitarianism vs. Deontology

Sacrificing one person to save five is considered morally right by some of the world's most

influential philosophers. This idea is called Utilitarianism, and it argues that the best action

is whatever creates the most happiness for the most people. The consequences are all that matter.

But then you have Deontology, which says certain actions are just wrong,

period. For them, moral duties and rights are unbreakable, no matter how good

the outcome might be. It gets even messier when you ask if we're born good,

as Mencius believed, or if we're naturally selfish and need society to teach us right from wrong.