Understanding Proteins and Their Structures

what the fuck are proteins? for my goats kato and conor. Proteins are essential

biological macromolecules whose functions arise directly from their structures, beginning with amino

acids—the ionizable, mostly chiral building blocks that vary by their chemical side chains and

determine properties such as polarity, charge, and hydrophobicity. Amino acids join

through peptide bonds to form polypeptides, whose linear primary structure dictates higher-order folding.

Regular patterns of hydrogen bonding create secondary structures like alpha helices,

beta sheets, and turns, while diverse side-chain interactions produce the protein’s three-dimensional

tertiary structure, and in some cases, multi-subunit quaternary structures such as hemoglobin.